The College of Science was established in 2004 January. The College comprises of four departments and two institutes, including:
The Department of Applied Mathematics was established in August 2000.
The Department of Applied Chemistry was established in August 2001. The Department of Life Sciences was established in August 2001.
The Department of Applied Physics was established in August 2002.
The Institute of Life Sciences was established in August 2003.
The Institute of Statistics was established in August 2003.
As of 2004, the College has 38 full-time faculty (6 Professors, 6 Associate Professors, and 26 Assistant Professors), 16 part-time faculty (4 Professors, 5 Associate Professors, 7 Assistant Professors), and 793 students (40 Master students, 719 undergraduates and34 graduates).

The College of Science is dedicated to build up a balanced development of teaching and research. To provide an increasing demand education from people with job experiences, the College offers the technologies of advanced courses and provides free academic and research environments in order to educate students who have extensive fields of vision, human and science attitude. The No. 2 Sciences and Engineering Building is located at the mid east of the campus .This building is designed for the College of Science, and provides research and education space for this college. The round shape construction of the building provides more close connections between the departments, and is helpful for the development of advanced technologies integration in perusing outstanding in research and education of the National University of Kaohsiung.

All the faculty of the College of Science dedicates to do research. Over the past three years, the faculty has published 34 articles in SCI and SSCI journals. By comparing with the number of faculty, this is a good record. Although it is still very young, the College of Science has organized some important conferences. For the purpose of internationalize, the college also offers English-taught courses for the students.

In the next five years, the College of Science will focus on the following:
Recruiting more excellent faculty; establishing master and Ph.D. programs for each department; developing interdepartmental and interdisciplinary research and teaching; developing alliances and exchange program with the colleagues of Science of the world-renewed universities.